hyaline membrane disease
Noun: A serious respiratory condition affecting newborn infants, particularly those born prematurely. The disease is characterized by the inability of the lungs to expand properly due to a deficiency of surfactant, a substance that keeps the air sacs (alveoli) from collapsing. This leads to rapid, shallow breathing, cyanosis (a bluish skin color from lack of oxygen), and the formation of a glassy, hyaline membrane lining the alveoli.
This is a medical term used specifically in clinical and pediatric contexts to diagnose and describe a severe lung disorder in neonates. * The premature infant was diagnosed with hyaline membrane disease and placed on a ventilator. * Advances in neonatal care have significantly reduced mortality from hyaline membrane disease.
- Historical Context: The term is often used in historical medical literature. In modern clinical practice, it is more commonly referred to as Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).
- The study compared outcomes for hyaline membrane disease in the 1960s versus RDS today.
- Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS): The contemporary and more frequently used term for the same condition.
- Surfactant Deficiency Disorder: A descriptive term highlighting the primary cause of the disease.
- Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A synonym emphasizing the patient population (newborns).
- Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
- Surfactant Deficiency Disorder
- To develop hyaline membrane disease: A phrase describing the onset of the condition.
- Infants born before 28 weeks are at highest risk of developing hyaline membrane disease.
- Treatment for hyaline membrane disease: Refers to medical interventions such as surfactant replacement therapy and mechanical ventilation.
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an acute lung disease of the newborn (especially the premature newborn); lungs cannot expand because of a wetting agent is lacking; characterized by rapid shallow breathing and cyanosis and the formation of a glassy hyaline membrane over the alveoli
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